Currently, the UK is one of a few western countries (including the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand and Norway) where police officers are not routinely armed when on patrol, something Americans find hard to understand.
Although it may be a surprise to those accustomed to the American standards and laws, an unarmed police force is a long-standing tradition in the UK, and it is a tradition that many Britons are unwilling to surrender.
The public is divided almost evenly on this issue; however, police officers themselves are among the most vociferous in arguing for the continued unarmed form of policing.
A 2006 poll of over 47,000 police officers found that 82% did not want to be armed while on duty, even though over half claimed they had been in significant danger while working.
Fortunately, the fact is that there is very little gun crime in Britain. Homicide rates are at their lowest point for 30 years, and gun crime has been falling steadily. In 2011-12 there were 39 fatal shootings – 20 less than previous year.
Furthermore, the number of police officers killed in the line of duty has been mercifully low; 76 police officers have died in service in all types of incidents since 1945. In comparison, according to the Officer Down Memorial Page, 84 American police officers have lost their lives in 2012 alone.
Nevertheless, the families of British police killed and injured in recent years have regularly called for officers to be armed.
There are a number of arguments commonly made against the introduction of guns for on-duty police officers. Experts have argued that the introduction of guns can potentially cause an increase in the number of guns in circulation, by adding to the overall number of firearms in the country.
Gun control in the UK is strong and there is very little public opposition to the strict laws governing gun ownership and use.
Naturally, it is impossible to prevent all illegal gun ownership, but with relatively few guns in public hands, there is less need for police officers to be armed than in countries where gun ownership is less strictly controlled.
One of the principal arguments opposing routinely arming police officers in the UK is the long tradition of policing by consent of the people.
High-ranking police officers are concerned that arming officers would make them less approachable for the public, thereby severing important contact with the community.
The presence of the British army and armed police in Northern Ireland has created longstanding issues of trust and a lack of community support for the police, and this is an experience that many leading police officers are unwilling to repeat elsewhere.
Policing policy should be made to suit the country being policed; in America more guns in private hands makes public officials having guns a necessity, while in the UK low levels of gun crime makes routinely armed police potentially more of a problem than a solution.
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